Nhanganyaya

Mumarabhoritari emazuva ano ekurapa mishonga nemakemikari,Machubhu ekurima anoraswa anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurima masero, kuita kwemakemikari, kuchengetedza sampuro uye mamwe mabasa akakosha.Kukosha kwavo mukuita kwekuyedza hakugoni kufuratirwa. Sezvo machubhu aya ekurima akabatana zvakananga nemasampuli ekuyedza, zvinhu zvavo, saizi, kuvharwa kwavo uye kunyangwe vakacheneswa kana kuti kwete zvichakanganisa zvakanyanya mhedzisiro yekuyedza. Kusasarudzwa zvakanaka kunogona kutungamira mukusvibiswa kwakasiyana, kurasikirwa kwesampuli kana kusarura data rekuyedza, nokudaro zvichikanganisa kururama uye kudzokororwa kwekudzidza.

Mhando Huru dzeMachubhu Ekurasika Anoraswa

Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemachubhu ekurima anoraswa, uye vaongorori vanofanirwa kusarudza mhando chaiyo zvichienderana nechinangwa chekuedza, nzvimbo yekushanda uye hunhu hwemasampuli. Akakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu zvinotevera: zvinhu, kugona uye basa rakakosha:

1. Kupatsanura zvinhu nekushandisa zvinhu

Machubhu ekurasira anoraswa akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana akasiyana mukudzivirira kupisa, kugadzikana kwemakemikari uye hunhu hwemaziso:

• Polypropylene: Kuramba kwakanaka kukupisa kwakanyanya uye ngura yemakemikari, yakakodzera tsika dzemazuva ese dzemasero, kuyedza kwebiology yemamorekuru nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa.
• Polystyrene: kujeka kwakanyanya, zviri nyore kuona mamiriro emvura uye masero, anowanzoshandiswa mukuyedza kwemaziso, asi kwete kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, kazhinji haagone kushandiswa pakuzvirovera otomatiki.
• Machubhu ekugadzira girazi: Kunyangwe zvichigona kushandiswazve uye zvichigara kwenguva refu mumakemikari, zvinodhura, zvinoda kucheneswa kwakawedzerwa uye nzira dzekuuraya utachiona, uye zvinogona kukonzera njodzi yekusvibiswa kwemasero.

2. Kupatsanurwa zvichienderana nekugona

Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwesampuro hunodiwa pakuedza, kugona kwemachubhu ekurera mhuka kunosiyana kubva padiki kusvika pakukura:

• Machubhu eMicrocentrifuge: inowanzoshandiswa pakupa sampuro, kunaya kwemvura pakati pemvura, kubvisa DNA/RNA nezvimwe zvinhu.
• Machubhu etsika akajairika: kugona kunonyanya kushandiswa murabhoritari, kwakakodzera kukudziridza masero, kusanganisa reaction, kuchengetedza sampuro nezvimwe zvinangwa.
• Machubhu ekurima ane simba guru: yakakodzera kumera masero makuru kana kugadzirisa mhinduro dzakawanda.

3. Kupatsanurwa nemabasa akakosha

Machubhu aya anowanikwa aine zvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti agutse zvinodiwa zvekuedza:

• Machubhu eAseptic Pre-sterilized: yakacheneswa negamma radiation kana autoclaving, yakakodzera kuyedzwa nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya zveaseptic.
• Nechivharo chekaturiji: inobvumira kuchinjana kwegasi, yakakodzera tupukanana kana masero anoda mhepo uye inodzivirira kusvibiswa kubva kuzvinhu zvinobva kunze.
• Machubhu Anodzivirira Kupisa Kwakaderera: inogona kushandiswa zvakachengeteka munzvimbo ine nitrogen yemvura -80℃ kana kunyange mumvura, yakakodzera kuchengetedza sampuli dzezvipenyu kwenguva refu.
• Machubhu akapedza kudzidza/asina kupedza kudzidza: Machubhu akagadzikwa akanakira kukurumidza kuongorora uye kuburitsa huwandu hwemvura kuti zviwedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwekuyedza.

Zvinhu Zvikuru Pakusarudza Machubhu Etsika

Mukugadzirwa kwekuyedza nekushanda, kusarudzwa kwemachubhu ekurima akakodzera anoraswa kwakakosha kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti mhedzisiro yacho inoshanda uye yakarurama. Vaongorori vanofanira kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakakosha zvakati wandei:

1. Rudzi rwekuyedza

Zvinodiwa zvemachubhu ekurima zvinosiyana zvakanyanya kubva pakuedza kuenda kune kumwe uye zvinofanirwa kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezviri mukati mekushanda uye nzvimbo yekuyedza:

• Kune tsika dzemasero: zvinodiwa kuti pave nekusabereka zvakanyanya, uye kushandiswa kwemachubhu asina kucheneswa ane mavharo emakatriji anofema kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti kuchinjana kwegasi kunokurudzirwa.
• Kuedza kwePCR / molecular biology: inofanira kunge isina ma enzymes eDNA, ma enzymes eRNA uye machubhu asina pyrogen, inowanzo shandiswa machubhu e polypropylene akachena.
• Kuchengetera tembiricha yakaderera: Machubhu ane simba rakanaka rekudzivirira kupisa kwakaderera anofanira kushandiswa kudzivirira lysis pakupisa kwakaderera.

2. Hunhu hwemuenzaniso

Hunhu hwefizikisi hwemuenzaniso hunokanganisa zvakananga kusarudzwa kwezvinhu uye mashandiro emachubhu ekurima:

• Mienzaniso yemvura kana yakasimba: inosarudza huwandu hunodiwa uye chimiro chegomba remuchina.
• Mienzaniso yeasidhi kana alkaline: mienzaniso inoparadza zvakanyanya inoda zvinhu zvisingapindi mishonga kuti idzivirire kusvibiswa kwemachubhu kana kusvibiswa.
• Kana tichifanira kudzivirira chiedza: mienzaniso inonzwa chiedza inofanira kusarudza chubhu yekurima zvinhu zvine ruvara rweamber kana kuti isina kupenya, kuitira kudzivirira kuora kwechiedza.

3. Zvinodiwa zvekubvisa utachiona

Kudiwa kwekubvisa utachiona uye rudzi rwekubvisa utachiona hunoshandiswa ndizvo zvinhu zvakakosha pakusarudza machubhu:

• Kuvharwa kwemasero usati wavharwa vs. kuzvivharwa kwemasero pachako: zvigadzirwa zvefekitori zvakagadziriswa mushonga usati wabatwa nehutachiona zvakakodzera kuyedza kwepamusoro-soro, zvichichengetedza nguva; kana rabhoritari iine michina yekudzivirira utachiona ye autoclave, unogona kusarudza chubhu yePP inogona kubatwa nehutachiona hwe autoclave.
• Kuenderana kwesterilizationSemuenzaniso, zvinhu zvePS hazvina kukodzera kushandiswa otomatiki uye zvinongoshandiswa kamwe chete.

4. Kuenderana

Machubhu acho anofanira kunge akanyatsoenderana nemidziyo yemurabhoritari kuitira kuti ashande zvakanaka uye awane mhedzisiro yakavimbika:

• Kuenderana kweCentrifugal: Machubhu anoshandiswa pakuita kuti centrifugation ishande anofanira kunge akasimba muchimiro kuti agone kutsungirira simba re centrifugal pakumhanya kwakanyanya.
• Kuenderana kwe otomatiki: Pakuyedza kunoda kushandiswa kwemarobhoti ekuisa mapaipi, masisitimu ekupa magetsi otomatiki, nezvimwewo, saizi dzemachubhu dzakajairwa dzinofanira kushandiswa.

5. Mutengo uye kuenderera mberi kwehupenyu

Kudzora zvinonzwisisika kwemari uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa chinhu chakakoshawo pakuzadzisa zvinodiwa mukuyedza:

• Inogona kuraswa kana kushandiswazve: machubhu anoraswa ari nyore kudzora uye haasvibiswi, akakodzera kuyedza zvinhu zvakawanda; machubhu egirazi anogona kushandiswazve akakodzera kuyedza zvinhu zvishoma nezvishoma asi bhajeti shoma.
• Chiyero chekutenga: kutenga zvinhu zvakawanda kunogona kuderedza mutengo weyuniti, zvakakodzera mapurojekiti makuru kwenguva refu; zvinhu zvidiki, zvakagadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa, zvinochinjika zviri nyore asi zvinodhura zvakanyanya.

Mazano eZviitiko Zvinoshandiswa Kazhinji

Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvemhando dzakasiyana dzekuedza, machubhu ekurima anoraswa anokurudzirwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinowanzo shandiswa, nechinangwa chekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye kuvimbika kwekuedza:

1. Kurima masero

• Rudzi runokurudzirwa: machubhu e polypropylene asina kuchena ane mavharo e cartridge anofema
• Chikonzero: Zvinhu zvepolypropylene zvine makemikari asina simba uye zvinoenderana nehupenyu, zvakakodzera kushandiswa kwemvura inogadzirwa nemasero. Chifukidziro chekaturiji chinogona kuita kuti gasi rishande zvakanaka, kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwehutachiona, uye kusangana nemamiriro egasi anodiwa kuti masero awedzere kuwanda.

2. Kuzadzikiswa kwemamorekuru ePCR/qPCR

• Mhando dzinokurudzirwa: machubhu ePCR asina nuclease, asina pyrogen kana machubhu emicrocentrifuge
• Chikonzero: Machubhu epolypropylene akachena kwazvo, mushure mekurapwa kwakasimba, anogona kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemuenzaniso, kuitira kuti pave nemhedzisiro chaiyo uye yakavimbika yekuwedzera. Dhizaini yemadziro matete inokurudzirwa kuvandudza mashandiro ekutamisa kupisa.

3. Kuchengetera tembiricha yakaderera

• Rudzi Rwakakurudzirwa: Tubhu rePolypropylene Rinodzivirira Kupisa Kwakaderera rine Dhizaini Inodzivirira Kutonhora uye Chivharo Chekuvharira Chisimbiso
• Chikonzero: Machubhu aya anogona kushandiswa kuchengetedza sampuli kwenguva yakareba pa -80°C kana kunyangwe mu liquid nitrogen, uye chimiro chayo chakakosha chinodzivirira chubhu kuti isatsemuke uye isabude mvura. Yakakodzera kuchengetwa kwenguva refu kwemasero, sampuli dzeropa, mapuroteni kana nucleic acids.

4. Kutenderera kweCentrifuge

• Mhando dzinokurudzirwa: machubhu epolypropylene anoshivirira zvakanyanya, dhizaini yepasi yakatenderera kana kuti ine denderedzwa, ane marotor e centrifuge
• Chikonzero: Machubhu ePP ane simba rakanaka rekudzivirira centrifugal uye anogona kutsungirira simba guru re centrifugal pasina kuchinja kana kuputika. Pasi peganda rekona rinobatsira kuunganidza masero kana kunaya pakati uye kuwedzera mwero wekupora.

Zvikanganiso Zvakajairika uye Nzira Dzekuzvidzivisa

Muchokwadi, kutadza kwekuyedza nekuda kwekusasarudzwa zvakanaka kwemachubhu ekurima kunoitika nguva nenguva. Zvikanganiso zvakawanda zvakajairika uye mazano anoenderana emhinduro zvakanyorwa pazasi kuti vaongorori vataure nezvazvo:

1. Kushandiswa zvisizvo kwezvinhu zvisingapindi tembiricha yepamusoro pakugadzira otomatiki