Nhanganyaya

Scintillation mabhodhoro anotora masaini emwenje anogadzirwa nekunakidzwa kweradioactive particles nenzira yefluorescent zvinhu, musimboti wayo unobva pakudyidzana kwemwaranzi yeionizing ne matter. Kubva pakati pezana ramakore rechi20, vakave musimboti wefizikisi yenyukireya, tsvakiridzo yekurapa uye yezvakatipoteredza nekuda kwekunzwa kwavo kwakanyanya uye kujeka. Nechinyakare, ivo vakave vasina kusimba mune zvakaomesesa zviridzwa mumarabhoritari emhando uye kuwanda kuongororwa kweradioisotopes.

Early scintillation vials aiganhurwa nehukuru hwawo, kuoma uye mutengo wakakwira, uye aishandiswa zvakanyanya mumarabhoritari akasarudzika.Mumakore achangopfuura, zvakadaro, kuvandudzwa kweminiaturized semiconductor detectors, kubudirira mune zvitsva scintillator zvinhu, uye kubatanidzwa kwevaverengi vanotakurika kwakavandudza zvakanyanya kugona kwekuona uye kutakura.

Core Unyanzvi Nheyo dzeScintillation Vials

1. Nzira dzekushanda dzakakosha

Kudyidzana kwefluorescent zvinhu zvine radioactive zvinhu: Kana radioactive material (eg alpha, beta kana gamma rays) ichipinda mu scintillation vials, inopindirana nefluorescent material (scintillator) mukati mevial. Kudyidzana uku kunoguma nekutekenyedzwa kwemamorekuru kana maatomu mumidziyo yefluorescent uye kunotevera kuburitswa kwemafotoni panguva ye-de-excitation, ichigadzira chiratidzo chechiedza chinooneka.

Readout Devices: PMT (Photomultiplier Tube) inocherekedza mafoto detector inokwanisa kushandura masaini emwenje asina simba kuita masaini emagetsi, ayo anowedzerwazve neamplifier wedunhu kuti pakupedzisira abudise anoyerwa masaini emagetsi. Silicon photodetectors, kune rumwe rutivi, imhando ye photodetector yakavakirwa pane semiconductor tekinoroji, inokwanisa kushandura zvakananga masaini masaini mumagetsi masaini ane yakakwira quantum kunyatsoshanda uye yakaderera ruzha.

2. Zviratidzo zvekushanda zvakakosha

Kuita kwe scintillation vials kunoyerwa nemamwe mashoma akakosha metrics:

Sensitivity (Muganho wekuonekwa): Sensitivity ndiyo yakaderera chiitiko chinogona kuonekwa ne scintillation vials. Kunyanya kunzwisiswa, kunoderedza kuwanda kwezvinhu zvine radioactive izvo zvinogona kuonekwa muEurope. Sensitivity inokonzerwa ne luminescence kushanda kwe fluorescent zvinhu, quantum kunyatsoshanda kwe photodetector uye ruzha rwehurongwa.

Kugadziriswa kwesimba: Kugadziriswa kwesimba ndiko kugona kweiyo scintillation vials kusiyanisa pakati pe radioactive zvimedu zvemasimba akasiyana. Iyo yakakwirira yekugadzirisa, iyo yakanyanya kunyatsojeka radioactive zvimedu zvemasimba akasiyana zvinogona kuzivikanwa nekusiyaniswa. Kugadziriswa kwesimba kunoenderana zvakanyanya neruminescent zvimiro zvefluorescent zvinhu, kuita kweiyo photodetector, uye kunaka kweiyo chiratidzo chekugadzirisa dunhu.

Kugadzikana: Kugadzikana kunoreva kukwanisa kwe scintillation vials kuchengetedza kushanda kwakafanana kwenguva yakareba. Stable scintillation vials vanokwanisa kuchengetedza mhedzisiro inowirirana pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ezvakatipoteredza. Kugadzikana kunokonzerwa nekugadzikana kwemakemikari ezvinyorwa zvefluorescent, maitiro ekukwegura kwephotodetector, uye zvakatipoteredza (semuenzaniso, kupisa, humidity).

Kuenderana kwezvinhu: Scintillation mabhodhoro anofanirwa kuenderana nemhando dzakasiyana dzemasampuli, anosanganisira emvura, akasimba uye gasi samples. Kuenderana kwezvinhu kunoenderana nezvinhu zve scintillation vials (eg girazi kana plastiki) pamwe nekemikari yezvinhu zvefluorescent. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemuenzaniso dzinogona kuda akasiyana scintillation vial dhizaini uye sarudzo dzezvinhu.

Iyo yakakosha tekinoroji musimboti weiyo scintillation vials yakavakirwa pakudyidzana kwezvinhu zvefluorescent neradioactive zvinhu, izvo zvinoyerwa nekushandura masaini masaini kuita masaini emagetsi kuburikidza nephotomultiplier chubhu Shanghai silicon photodetectors. Makiyi ekuita zviratidzo anosanganisira kunzwa, kugadzirisa simba, kugadzikana uye kuenderana kwezvinhu, izvo pamwe chete zvinotarisa kugona kwekuona uye kushanda kwe scintillation vials.

Zvishandiso Zvakasiyana-siyana kubva kuLabhoritari kuenda Kutariswa Kwezvakatipoteredza

Scintillation vials, sechishandiso chinoshanda chekuona radioactivity, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, kubva pakutsvagisa marabhoritari kusvika pakutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuenda kumaindasitiri nekuchengetedza kuchengetedza, uye kunyange kusvika kunzvimbo dziri kusimukira dzekucheka-cheka.

1. Basic laboratory research

Nuclide kuongorora: Inoshandiswa pahuwandu hwekutsunga kwealpha, beta uye gamma ray isotopes senge tritium (H-3) uye kabhoni-14 (C-14). Inoshandiswa kunyatso kuyera chiitiko cheradioisotopes muminda senge nuclear physics uye geological dating.

Drug metabolism zvidzidzo: Kucherechedza nzira dzemasabolism uye kugoverwa kwezvinodhaka muzvisikwa kuburikidza nemagetsi e-radiolabeled (eg, C-14-labeled drugs). Inoshandiswa mu pharmacology uye toxicology zvidzidzo kuongorora kutora, kugovera, metabolism uye excretion (ADME) yezvinodhaka.

Kuongororwa kwekuchengetedza chikafu: kukurumidza kuongorora kusvibiswa kweradioactive muzvokudya; inoshandiswa kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza chikafu mushure metsaona yenyukireya kana munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzemwaranzi.

2. Nzvimbo yekutarisa nzvimbo

Kuongororwa kwezvitunha zvemvura: Kuonekwa kwemaradionuclides mumvura yekunwa uye mvura yetsvina yemumaindasitiri inoshandiswa kuongorora chiyero chekusvibiswa kwemitumbi yemvura uye kuona kuti mhando yemvura inosangana nedziviriro.

Ivhu nemhepo: Kuteedzera kupararira kweradioactive fallout mushure metsaona yenyukireya, kutarisisa kuwanda kwe radionuclide muvhu nemhepo, uye kuongorora kudzoreredza kwezvakatipoteredza.

Biological samples: Ongorora kuunganidzwa kwesimbi inorema kana zvinhu zvine mwaranzi mumiti yezvirimwa nemhuka. Inoshandiswa muzvidzidzo zveecotoxicology kuongorora kukanganisa kwekusvibiswa kweradioactive pane ecosystems.

3. Indasitiri uye kuchengetedza zvikumbiro

Kuedza kusina kuparadza: Kutarisisa kwekudonha kwezvinhu zveradioactive mumidziyo yemaindasitiri. Inoshandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi enyukireya, petrochemicals, nezvimwewo, yekuongorora kuchengetedza kwemidziyo uye kutendeseka.

Kudzivirirwa kwemwaranzi: inoshandiswa semufambidzani kune ega dosimeters yekutarisa iyo radiation dose inogamuchirwa nevashandi. Muzvivakwa zvenyukireya, madhipatimendi echipatara radiology nedzimwe nzvimbo kuona kuchengetedzwa kwemwaranzi.

Emergency Response: yekukurumidza kuongororwa kwemazinga emwaranzi muchiitiko chetsaona yenyukireya kana kuti radioactive zvinhu zvinobuda. Inoshandiswa kutarisisa radiation uye tsigiro yesarudzo yekukurumidzira munzvimbo dzenjodzi.

4. Nzvimbo dziri kubuda dzakachinjika

Biomedical: Radiolabeling kusimbiswa kwekenza therapeutics kuve nechokwadi chekutarisa zvinodhaka uye kushanda. Mune radioisotope kurapwa, kuteedzera kugovera zvinodhaka uye metabolism.

Nanomaterials: yekudzidza iyo synergistic mhedzisiro ye nanoparticles mukuona radioactivity kuti uvandudze kuona senitivity uye kugona. Gadzira zvinhu zvitsva zvenano-scintillator zvekuonekwa kwepamusoro-chaiyo radioactivity.

Kuongorora nzvimbo: yekuona mirazvo yecosmic uye kudzidza mhedzisiro yenzvimbo yemwaranzi yenzvimbo pane spacecraft uye vanoongorora nyeredzi. Ongorora mashandiro espacecraft radiation yekudzivirira zvinhu kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo mishoni.

Iko kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kwema scintillation vials kunovhara huwandu hwakasiyana hwezviitiko kubva kutsvakiridzo yerabhoritari kusvika pakutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza, maindasitiri uye kuchengetedza mashandisirwo, uye nzvimbo dziri kubuda dzekucheka-cheka. Kunzwa kwavo kwepamusoro, kunyatsoita uye kuenderana kunoita kuti vave chishandiso chakakosha chekuona radioactivity, vachitamba basa risingadzokerike mukutsvagisa kwesainzi, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedzwa kwemaindasitiri uye kusimudzira tekinoroji.

Tekinoroji Innovation Inotyaira Multifunctionality

Multifunctional scintillation vials haigone kurongwa uye kugadzirwa pasina kusimudzirwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, kunyanya mune zvesainzi, hungwaru kusimudzira uye kumisa uye kudzora tsigiro.

1. Materials sainzi kubudirira

Zvitsva zve scintillator: thallium-doped cesium iodide, lutetium-based scintillators, organic scintillators, nano-scintillators, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kuvandudza kunzwisiswa, kuderedza kuona miganhu, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba, kuwedzera hupenyu hwemidziyo, kuwedzera kugadzikana kwezvinhu, uye kuenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma (semuenzaniso, kupisa kwakanyanya, humidity yakakwirira).

2. Intelligent upgrading

Artificial intelligence algorithms kubatsira mukuongorora data: muchina kudzidza algorithms anoshandiswa kuona otomatiki nuclide mhando, kuvandudza huroyi uye kugona kwekuongorora data. Gadzirisa masaini ekugadzirisa kuburikidza neakadzama ekudzidza modhi kudzikisa kukanganiswa kweruzha, kunatsiridza chokwadi chekuona, uye kuwana nekukurumidza kuongororwa uye kuwanda kweakasanganiswa akawanda-nuclide samples.

Cloud platform uye IoT tekinoroji: gadzira chaiyo-nguva yekugovana data chikuva kuti uwane yepasirese radioactivity yekutarisa network. Tsigira hukuru hwekutarisisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye mhinduro yechimbichimbi kuburikidza nekutarisa kure uye kuongororwa kwedata, uye nekupa maturusi ekuona data kubatsira vanoita sarudzo nekukurumidza kunzwisisa kuparadzirwa kwemwaranzi uye mafambiro.

(Zvakanakira: Kuvandudza mashandiro ekugadzirisa data uye kuderedza kupindira kwevanhu; ziva kutarisa kure uye chaiyo-nguva yambiro yekutanga, uye kuvandudza kugona kwekupindura kwechimbichimbi; kukurudzira kushandira pamwe kwepasirese uye kugovana data, uye kukurudzira tsvakiridzo yesainzi uye kusimukira kwetekinoroji.)

Tekinoroji innovation ndiyo musimboti wekufambisa simba kuseri kwekuwanda kwekuita kwe scintillation vials. Kubudirira kwesainzi yezvinhu uye zvitsva zvescintillator zvakavandudza zvakanyanya kuita kwekuona; kukwidziridzwa kwehungwaru kwakaita kuti kuongororwa kwedata kuve kwakanyanya uye kwakaringana. Aya magadzirirwo haango wedzera mamiriro ekushandisa e scintillation vials, asi zvakare anosimudzira kukura kwese kweiyo radioactivity yekuona tekinoroji, ichipa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwekutsvagisa kwesainzi, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedza kwenyukireya.

Matambudziko Nekugadzirisa

Scintillation mabhodhoro anotarisana nematambudziko akati wandei mukushandiswa kwakapararira, kusanganisira nyaya dzemutengo, kuoma kwekushanda, uye sampuli pretreatment. Mukupindura kunyaya idzi, indasitiri yakapa mhinduro dzakasiyana siyana dzekufambisa mberi kusimudzira uye kufarirwa kwehunyanzvi.

1. Nyaya dziripo

High cost: Yakakwira R&D mutengo we miniaturized midziyo uye yakakwirira-inoshanda zvinhu inodzikamisa kupararira kwakakura. Midziyo yekuyedza yakanyanya kujeka inodhura uye yakaoma kuenzanisa kunzvimbo dzisina zviwanikwa kana marabhoritari madiki uye epakati.

Kushanda zvakaoma: Radiological yekuona michina inowanzoda vashandi vane hunyanzvi kuti vashande nekuchengetedza, vachiwedzera chikumbaridzo chekushandisa. Yakaoma sampuli yekubata uye maitiro ekuongorora data anoisa yakakwirira tekinoroji zvinodiwa kune vasiri-hunyanzvi vashandi.

Sample pre-kurapwa zvisingakwanisi: Mimwe sampuli (semuenzaniso, ivhu, biological tissues) inoda yakadzama uye yakaoma pre-kurapa (semuenzaniso, kunyungudika, kusefa, kuisa pfungwa), izvo zvinowedzera nguva yekuyedza uye mutengo. Matanho ekutanga ekurapa anogona kuunza zvikanganiso zvinogona kukanganisa chokwadi chemhedzisiro yebvunzo.

2. Nzira dzekupindura

Miniaturization uye yakaderera-inodhura sensor kuvandudza: Kuvandudzwa kweminiaturized, inotakurika yekuyedza michina kuburikidza neyakasanganiswa tekinoroji kudzikisa mutengo wekugadzira uye kushandiswa kwesimba. Ongorora zvinhu zvitsva zvinodhura zve scintillator uye mafotodetectors kutsiva zvechinyakare zvinodhura zvikamu. Dhizaina midziyo yekuyedza kuita modular dhizaini kuti ifambise kugadzirisa uye kusimudzira, uye kuderedza-refu-refu yekushandisa mari.

Mushandisi-ushamwari interface dhizaini uye otomatiki maitiro optimization: Gadzira intuitive user interfaces inopa hutungamiri hwekushanda uye mhinduro chaiyo-nguva kuderedza kushandiswa kwekushandisa. Kubatanidzwa kweotomatiki sampuli yekugadzirisa uye data yekuongorora mabasa inoderedza kupindira kwemanyore uye inovandudza kuyedza kushanda. Inoshandisa artificial intelligence tekinoroji kupa zano rekushanda uye kugadzirisa matambudziko kubatsira vasiri nyanzvi kuti vatange nekukurumidza.

Integrated innovations in pre-processing technologies+ Kubatanidzwa kwemuenzaniso pre-kurapwa matanho mumidziyo yekuona yekuona yakabatanidzwa. Gadzira nzira dzinoshanda dzekurapa dzemuenzaniso (semuenzaniso microwave digestion, ultrasonic extraction) kupfupisa nguva yepreatment.

Kunyangwe scintillation mabhodhoro anotarisana nematambudziko mumashandisirwo akadai semutengo, kuomarara kwekushanda uye sampuli pre-kurapa, nyaya idzi dziri kugadziridzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kuburikidza neiyo miniaturization uye yakaderera-inodhura sensor kuvandudza, mushandisi-inoshamwaridzika sisi-iwe madhizaini, uye yakasanganiswa hunyanzvi mu pre-kurapa matekinoroji. Aya maitiro ekugadzirisa haangodzikisi tekinoroji pachikumbaridzo, asi zvakare anovandudza kugona kwekuona uye kurongeka. Mune ramangwana, nekumwe kubudirira mune tekinoroji, scintillation vials ichaita basa rakakosha munzvimbo dzakanyanya.

Ramangwana Outlook

Scintillation vials, sechinhu chakakosha chekuona radioactivity, ichaunza mikana mitsva yebudiriro maererano nehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji uye mukana wekushandisa mune ramangwana.

1. Tekinoroji maitiro

Multimodal kuonekwa: Gadzira michina inobatanidza makemikoro sensors uye radioactivity yekuona mabasa kuti iwane kuonekwa panguva imwe chete yemakemikari zvinhu uye radionuclides mumasampuli. Kuwedzera huwandu hwemashandisirwo kuburikidza nemultimodal yekuona tekinoroji yekutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedza chikafu uye biomedical application.

2. Kugona kushandisa

Polar glacier yekutarisa mumamiriro ekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pasi rose: Kudzidza kukanganisa kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze pakunyunguduka kwechando chechando uye kutakura zvinosvibisa nekuona ma radionuclides mumahombekombe echando. Tichishandisa data rekuona radionuclide, kukanganisa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pasi rose pane polar ecosystems kuchaongororwa, zvichipa hwaro hwesainzi hwemitemo yekuchengetedza nharaunda.

Rutsigiro rwehupfumi hwedenderedzwa mukusimudzirwa kwakasimba kwesimba renyukireya: Kugadzira matekinoroji ekuonekwa kwepamusoro-soro ekuyera uye kutonga kweradionuclides mumarara enyukireya kutsigira kudzokororwa kwemarara enyukireya. Real-time yekutarisa kugovera uye kusungirirwa kwezvinhu zvine radioactive panguva yekutenderera kwemafuta enyukireya kunovimbisa kuchengetedzeka uye kusimba kwekushandiswa kwesimba renyukireya.

Mune ramangwana, scintillation mabhodhoro anozowedzera kusimudzira kugona kwavo kwekuona uye chiyero chekushandisa, chinotungamirwa nemaitiro etekinoroji senge multimodal kuona. Zvichakadaro, maererano nemashandisirwo anogona kuita senge polar glacier yekutarisa uye kusimudzira kwakasimba kwesimba renyukireya, scintillation vials ichapa rutsigiro rwakakosha kutsvagiridzo yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye hupfumi hwedenderedzwa hwesimba renyukireya. Nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, scintillation vials ichaita basa rakakosha mune mamwe minda uye kuita mipiro yakakura mukutsvagisa kwesainzi uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.

Mhedziso

Iyo scintillation vials, sechinhu chakakosha chekuongorora radiographic, yakashanduka zvishoma nezvishoma kubva payakatanga kunyorovera sechinhu chimwe chete cherabhoritari kuenda kune yakakosha chidimbu chemidziyo mundima dzakawanda.

Kugadziridzwa kwemabhodhoro escintillation kunoratidza simba rehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji uye kushandira pamwe kwemarudzi akasiyana, uye shanduko kubva kune imwe murabhoritari chishandiso kuenda kuchinhu chakakosha chemidziyo mundima dzakawanda inosimbisa kukosha kwayo kwakakosha mukutsvaga kwesainzi uye mashandisirwo anoshanda. Mune ramangwana, nekumwe budiriro yetekinoroji uye nekuenderera mberi kwekuwedzera kwemamiriro ekushandisa, scintillation vials ichaita basa rakatonyanya kukosha mukuchengetedza nyukireya yepasi rose, kutonga kwezvakatipoteredza uye budiriro inoenderera.