Machubhu ewaini anowanzo shandiswa kuchengetedza nekutakura waini yakaputirwa, iyo yakawanda yacho yakagadzirwa negirazi. Haasi maturusi ekuchengeta waini chete, asiwo chinhu chakakosha mutsika nenhoroondo yewaini. Chimiro, ruvara, uye dhizaini yezita retavern hazvingoratidzi chete mhando uye mhando yewaini, asiwo zvinopesvedzera sarudzo dzekutenga kwevatengi.

1. Ndeapi Saizi Dzakajairika dzeMachubhu Ewaini Anotakurika?

▶50ml: Inowanikwa muwaini diki, mumabhawa madiki ehotera, uye muzvitoro zvezvinwiwa zvinodhaka mundege, yakakodzera kuravira nekunwa muhuwandu hushoma.
▶100ml: Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamabhodhoro madiki ezvinwiwa zvinodhaka nemadoro, zvakakodzera parwendo rupfupi uye pamisangano midiki.
Zvichienzaniswa nemachubhu ewaini e50ml ne100ml akajairika, kunewo mamwe masayizi asina kujairika, akadai se200ml, 250ml, 375ml, nezvimwewo. Kugadzirwa kwehukuru hwemachubhu aya ewaini anotakurika hakungotaridzi chete nyore kwekutakura, asiwo kunogutsa zvinodiwa zvekunwa zvezviitiko zvakasiyana nevanhu.

2. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinowanzo shandiswa kugadzira machubhu ewaini?

Girazi rinowanzo shandiswa kugadzira mapaipi ewaini anotakurika, uye mavara akasiyana-siyana uye ukobvu hunogona kuenderana nemhando dzakasiyana dzewaini.

Dzimwe nguva purasitiki inoshandiswa pakutakura uye kutakurwa, yakareruka uye haikurumidzi kupwanyika, asi haikodzeri kuchengetwa kwenguva refu.

Simbi inowanzo shandiswa pakuzadza doro, senge waini yemumagaba yearuminiyamu kana doro, iyo yakareruka uye yakakodzerawo mabasa ekunze.

Kunewo waini dzakaiswa mumabhokisi dzakaputirwa mupepa, idzo dzinochengetedza nharaunda uye dziri nyore kutakura nekuchengeta.

3. Sei Uchifanira Kushandisa Girazi Sechinhu Chinoshandiswa Pakugadzira Machubhu Ewaini?

Zvinhu zvegirazi hazvisanganiswi nemakemikari nezvinhu zvine doro, zvichichengetedza kunaka kwakachena kwewaini; Kana zvakabatana nechivharo chakavharwa zvakanaka, zvinogona kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuvharwa zvakanaka, kudzivirira okisijeni kupinda muchubhu yewaini, uye kuwedzera nguva yekuchengetwa kwewaini. Girazi rine purasitiki yakasimba uye rinogona kugadzirwa kuita maumbirwo akasiyana-siyana nemavara kuti risangane nezvinodiwa zvemhando dzakasiyana dzewaini. Girazi rinoonekera zviri nyore kuratidza ruvara rwewaini, zvichibatsira vatengi kutonga mhando yewaini. Panguva imwe chete, huremu uye magadzirirwo emabhodhoro egirazi zvinowedzera pfungwa yeumbozha hwechigadzirwa chose, zvichiwedzera ruzivo rwemutengi. Chekupedzisira, kune nharaunda, zvinhu zvegirazi zvinogona kudzokororwazve nekusingaperi, zvichideredza kusvibiswa kwenharaunda.

Kazhinji, girazi ndiro chinhu chinonyanya kufarirwa pakugadzira machubhu nemabhodhoro ewaini. Haringodziviriri mhando yewaini chete, asiwo rinopa kuratidzwa kwakanaka uye kunzwa kwekugadzirwa kwayo, richizadzisa zvinodiwa nezvakatipoteredza.

4. Ndeapi Mashoko Anofanira Kuiswa muBhodhoro?

Ruzivo rwuri papepa rebhodhoro runogona kusiyana zvishoma munyika dzakasiyana nenzvimbo, asi runowanzo sanganisira zvinotevera.

Ruzivo rweMugadziri: kusanganisira zita nekero yemugadziri, zvichiita kuti vatengi vanzwisise zvakarurama kwakabva doro.

Kwakatangira: Ratidza zvakajeka kwakabva waini, dzakadai seBordeaux, France, Tuscany, Italy, nezvimwewo, kuti ubatsire vatengi kunzwisisa mamiriro enzvimbo yewaini.

Doro Rakawanda: inoratidzwa sechikamu, ichizivisa vatengi nezvehuwandu hwedoro riri mubhodhoro rega rega rewaini.
Zviri mukati: zvinoratidza kugona kwewaini mubhodhoro, zvakaita se50ml, 100ml, nezvimwewo.

Mashoko Eyambiro: Mune dzimwe nyika (dzakadai seUnited States), panofanira kunge paine ruzivo rwehutano pamusoro pechiratidzo, senge vakadzi vane pamuviri vasinganwe doro, kunwa doro rinokanganisa kutyaira, nezvimwewo.

Ruzivo rwevanopinda munyika: Kana chiri doro rinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, zita nekero yemutengesi zvinodiwawo.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana: Inoratidza mhando yewaini yemazambiringa, akadai seCabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, nezvimwewo.

Nyaya yeWaini, Brand yeWaini kana Sumo: Taura muchidimbu nhoroondo nepfungwa dzenzvimbo yewaini kuti uwedzere nyaya dzekambani iyi uye kukwezva kwayo.

Certification neMibairo: Kana kambani yewaini yakawana zvitupa (sekunge organic certification) kana mibairo, zvinowanzo nyorwa papepa rekusimbisa mukurumbira nekukwezva kwewaini.

Ruzivo urwu harungobatsiri chete vatengi kunzwisisa nekusarudza waini zviri nani, asi runowedzerawo kuvimbika uye kukwezva kwechiratidzo ichi.

5. Ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekuchengetedza machubhu ewaini?

▶Mamiriro Akanaka

Tembiricha: Waini inofanira kuchengetwa patembiricha yakagadzikana kudzivirira kuchinja-chinja kukuru kwetembiricha. Tembiricha yakanaka yekuchengetedza ndeye 12-15 ° C (inenge 54-59 ° F). Tembiricha dzakakwirira dzinogona kukurumidzisa maitiro eoxidation yewaini, zvichikanganisa kunaka kwayo nekunhuhwirira kwayo.

Hunyoro: Hunyoro hwakanaka i60-70%. Hunyoro hushoma hunogona kukonzera kuti cork yakavharwa iome zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti cork iderere uye mhepo ipinde mubhodhoro; Hunyoro hwakanyanya hunogona kukonzera kuti chivharo chebhodhoro chive chakanyorova uye chakaita sechakuvhuvhu.

Kuratidzwa kweChiedza: Zvakakosha kudzivirira zuva rakananga, sezvo mwaranzi ye ultraviolet inogona kukuvadza makemikari ari muwaini, zvichikonzera kuora kwemhando yewaini. Mabhodhoro ewaini anofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo ine rima. Kana chiedza chichidikanwa, zvakakosha kushandisa chiedza chakapfava zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kudzivirira kusangana zvakananga nebhodhoro rewaini.

Kudedera: Chubhu yewaini ine waini inofanira kuchengetedzwa kure nekuzunguzika sezvo ichigona kumutsa tsvina iri muwaini. Inokanganisa kunaka uye kunaka kwewaini. Waini inofanira kuchengetwa kure nezvinhu zvinokonzera kudedera, zvakaita semagetsi emumba uye kuzunguzika kwemigwagwa.

▶Kukosha kweNzira yekuisa Machubhu eWaini

Machubhu mazhinji ewaini ane doro anogona kuchengetwa akatambarara. Kana koki ikashandiswa kuvhara, nzvimbo yekuchengetera yakatambarara inogona kuchengetedza kubatana kuripo pakati pekoki nedoro, kudzivirira koki kuti isaome uye isaderere, uye nokudaro inoramba ichivhara.

Mapaipi ewaini ane spiral caps anogona kuchengetwa akamira nekuti haafanire kuvimba newaini kuti irambe yakavharwa; Kana iri yekuchengetera kwenguva pfupi chete, ingave iri cork stopper kana screw cap, inogona kuchengetwa yakamira.

▶Mamwe Mazano Ekuchengetedza

Makabati ewaini emazuva ano anopa tembiricha, hunyoro, uye mamiriro ekuchengetera waini murima, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka yekuchengetera waini kumba; Kana mamiriro ezvinhu achibvumira, nzvimbo dzekugara waini dzechinyakare ndidzo nzvimbo dzakanakisa dzekuchengetera waini, dzichipa tembiricha yakagadzikana uye hunyoro pamwe nenzvimbo ine rima yakaringana.

Waini inofanira kuchengetwa kure nezvinhu zvine hwema hwakasimba (senge makemikari, zvinhu zvinochenesa, nezvimwewo) kudzivirira waini kuti isatore hwema uhwu zvokonzera kusvibiswa kwewaini.

Nekutevera nzira idzi dzakanakisa dzekuchengetera waini, waini inogona kuchengetedza mamiriro ayo akanaka, ichiratidza zvizere kunaka kwayo nekunhuhwirira kwayo kune vatengi.

6. Kudzokorodza uye Kuchengetedza Machubhu Ewaini

▶ Maitiro Ekudzokorodza Machubhu Ewaini Yegirazi

Muunganidzwa: Kuunganidzwa kwemabhodhoro ewaini yegirazi kunotanga nekuronga nekuunganidzwa kwemarara evatengi, anowanzoitwa mumabhini egirazi akagadzirirwa kudzokorodza marara. Kutakura mabhodhoro egirazi akadzokorodzwa kuenda kunzvimbo yekudzokorodza marara.

Kuchenesa uye Kuronga: Nzvimbo yekudzokorodza zvinhu inochenesa mabhodhoro egirazi, inobvisa mavara nezvivharo, uye inoaisa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana (segirazi rinoonekera, girazi rebrown, girazi regirini).

Kupwanya uye Kunyungudutsa: Mabhodhoro egirazi akachekwa anopwanywa kuita zvidimbu zvegirazi obva atumirwa kuchoto chinodziya zvakanyanya kuti anyunguduke.

Kugadzirazve: Kutsigira mabhodhoro matsva egirazi kana zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvegirazi negirazi rakanyunguduka uye kupinda mukugadzirwa uye kushandiswazve.

▶Zvakanakira Zvakatipoteredza uye Kufunga Zvine Ungwaru

Deredza Kushandiswa Kwezviwanikwa uye Kushandiswa Kwesimba: Kudzokorodza uye kushandisazve machubhu ewaini yegirazi kunoderedza kudiwa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvakaita sejecha re quartz, sodium carbonate, uye limestone, nokudaro zvichichengetedza zviwanikwa zvechisikigo.

Kuderedza Kuburitswa Kwemhepo Inopisa uye Kuzadza Marara: Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwesimba shoma kwemabhodhoro egirazi anodzokororwa anogadzirwa nevagadziri vemotokari vekuChina, kuburitswa kwemhepo inopisa kunoderedzwawo, izvo zvinobatsira kuderedza shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.; Panguva imwe chete, kudzokororwa uye kushandiswazve kwezvigadzirwa zvegirazi kunoderedza mutoro pamatura emarara, kunowedzera hupenyu hwebasa remarara, uye kunoderedza kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Mwero wekudzokorodza: Kunyangwe zvigadzirwa zvegirazi zvine mukana mukuru wekudzokorodza, huwandu chaihwo hwekudzokorodza hunosiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Chinokosha ndechekuwedzera ruzivo rweveruzhinji uye kutora chikamu mudzokorodza.

Kupatsanura Ruvara: Magirazi ane mavara akasiyana anofanira kudzokororwa akasiyana nekuti ane nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekunyunguduka uye mashandisirwo awo. Kudzokororwa uye kushandiswa kwemagirazi ane mavara akasiyana kwakaoma.

Kudzora Kusvibiswa: Kuburitswa kwezvinosvibisa kunofanirwa kudzorwa panguva yekudzokorodza kuitira kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti nzira yekudzokorodza zvinhu zvakare inoenderana nezvakatipoteredza.

Nekushanda nesimba mukugadzirisa mabhodhoro egirazi, vatengi vanogona kubatsira mukuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvinogara kwenguva refu. Kudzokorodza mapombi edoro hakungobatsiri chete kuderedza kukanganisa nharaunda, asiwo kuchengetedza zviwanikwa uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba, nokudaro zvichikurudzira kukura kwehupfumi hwemagirazi.

▶ Mabhenefiti Ezvakatipoteredza uye Kufunga Zvine Ungwaru

DeredzaRsosiCkufungidzirwa uyeEkusuwaCkusimudzirwa: Kudzokorodza uye kushandisazve machubhu ewaini yegirazi kunoderedza kudiwa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvakaita sejecha re quartz, sodium carbonate, uye limestone, nokudaro zvichichengetedza zviwanikwa zvechisikigo.

KuderedzaGimba yekudzoreraGas Emabasa uyeLuye kuzadza: Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwesimba shoma kwemabhodhoro egirazi anodzokororwa anogadzirwa nevagadziri vemotokari vekuChina, kuburitswa kwemhepo inopisa kunoderedzwawo, izvo zvinobatsira kuderedza shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.; Panguva imwe chete, kudzokororwa uye kushandiswazve kwezvigadzirwa zvegirazi kunoderedza mutoro pamatura emarara, kunowedzera hupenyu hwebasa remarara, uye kunoderedza kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

KudzokorodzaRkudya: Kunyangwe zvigadzirwa zvegirazi zvine mukana mukuru wekudzokorodza, huwandu chaihwo hwekudzokorodza hunosiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Chinokosha ndechekuwedzera ruzivo rweveruzhinji uye kutora chikamu mudzokorodza.

RuvaraCkuita kuti zvinhu zvinyanye kuoma: Magirazi ane mavara akasiyana anofanira kudzokororwa akasiyana nekuti ane nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekunyunguduka uye mashandisirwo awo. Kudzokororwa uye kushandiswa kwemagirazi ane mavara akasiyana kwakaoma.

KusvibiswaCkudzora: Kuburitswa kwezvinosvibisa kunofanirwa kudzorwa panguva yekudzokorodza kuitira kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti nzira yekudzokorodza zvinhu zvakare inoenderana nezvakatipoteredza.

Nekushanda nesimba mukugadzirisa mabhodhoro egirazi, vatengi vanogona kubatsira mukuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvinogara kwenguva refu. Kudzokorodza mapombi edoro hakungobatsiri chete kuderedza kukanganisa nharaunda, asiwo kuchengetedza zviwanikwa uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba, nokudaro zvichikurudzira kukura kwehupfumi hwemagirazi.

7. Pane imwe nzira inochengetedza waini panzvimbo pemabhodhoro ewaini echinyakare here?

▶ Sarudzo dzeKurongedza Dzisina Kukuvara

Girazi rakareruka: Rudzi urwu rwegirazi rwakareruka pane rwechinyakare, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa panguva yekugadzira uye kuburitswa kwekabhoni panguva yekufambisa. Kunyange zvazvo girazi richichengetedza kujeka uye kusava nemhepo kwakanaka, rinoderedzawo kukanganisa kwakaipa nharaunda.

Doro Rakaiswa Mubhokisi: Chikafu chedoro chakaiswa mubhokisi chakagadzirwa nekadhibhodhi nefoil yearuminiyamu, chakareruka uye chiri nyore kutakura; Panguva imwe chete, simba rekugadzira rakaderera, rinogona kudzokororwazve uye kushandiswazve, uye rinotora nzvimbo shoma panguva yekufambisa. Zvisinei, tichifunga kuti waini yakaiswa mubhokisi ingave isiri yepamusoro semabhodhoro ewaini egirazi nemachubhu, kunyange zvazvo waini yakaiswa mubhokisi isingakuvadzi nharaunda, vamwe vatengi vangave vachiri kunetseka.

Waini Yakabikwa Mumagaba: Waini yakaputirwa mumagaba earuminiyamu yakareruka, iri nyore kutakura, uye mukana wekudzokorodza zviri nyore unoita kuti maitiro ekudzokorodza aruminiyamu ave nyore kushandisa simba kupfuura girazi. Waini yakakangwa yakakodzerawo mabasa ekunze uye kudyiwa kamwe chete.

Purasitiki Inoora: Mabhodhoro ewaini akagadzirwa nemapurasitiki anoora kana kuti anogona kuora ayo anoora mumamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera asingakonzere kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Zvisinei, mashandiro uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoora zvichiri kugadzirwa, uye panogona kunge pasina kugara kwenguva refu kwezvinhu zvegirazi.

Bhodhoro reWaini rePepa: Pakeji ine ganda rekunze repepa nebhegi repurasitiki remukati, rakareruka uye risingakuvadzi nharaunda. Kushandiswa kwesimba shoma pakugadzira, rinogona kudzokororwazve, asi kugamuchirwa kushoma mumusika wazvino, uye mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza waini kwenguva refu inofanirwa kusimbiswa.

▶ Mabhenefiti ekusarudza Kurongedza Kunogara Kwenguva Refu

Kuchengetedza Zviwanikwa uye Kudzivirirwa Kwezvakatipoteredza: Kugadzira, kushandisa, uye kurasa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekurongedza zvine musoro kunobatsira kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwesimba nezvinhu mukati mebasa rese.

Kukurudzira Hupfumi Hwakatenderera: Zvinhu zvinogona kudzokororwa uye kuora zvinobatsira mukushandiswa kwezviwanikwa, kuderedza kugadzirwa kwemarara, uye kukurudzira kukura kwehupfumi hwenzvimbo dzakatenderedza.

Kugutsa Zvinodiwa Nevatengi: Nekuvandudzika kuri kuramba kuchiitwa nevanhu panyaya yekushandiswa kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, vatengi vakawanda vanowanzosarudza kurongedza zvigadzirwa zvinogara kwenguva refu uye zvine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza. Kune mabrandi, kurongedza kunoshanda uye kune hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza kunobatsira kugadzira chitarisiko chebrand yavo uye kusimudzira kukwikwidzana kwavo pamusika.

Nzira yekuchengetedza waini panzvimbo pemabhodhoro ewaini echinyakare ine mabhenefiti akakosha uye asingatsiviwe maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye mask yepamutemo. Kunyangwe izvi zvichiri kuda kuvandudzwa nguva dzose mune zvimwe zvinhu, nhungamiro itsva dzekuvandudzwa kwezvinwiwa zvinodhaka zvavanomiririra mune ramangwana dzichabatsira kusimudzira kufambira mberi kwekushandiswa kwezvinwiwa zvine hutano uye zvinogara kwenguva refu.

Kuburikidza nechinyorwa chino chemibvunzo nemhinduro, tinogona kunzwisisa misoro iyo vanhu vari kunetseka nayo nezvemachubhu ewaini nemabhodhoro, uye kugona ruzivo rwekutanga rwekurongedza waini. Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete kusarudza nekuchengetedza waini zviri nani, asiwo zvinowedzera kunzwisisa kwevanhu nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza nebudiriro inoenderera mberi.

Nyika yewaini yakapfuma uye ine mavara, ine nyaya dzakawanda dzinonakidza dzakamirira kuongororwa, pamwe nemidziyo yakaita semachubhu ewaini nemabhodhoroKunzwisisa hunhu, misiyano yemhando dzakasiyana dzewaini, uye nzira dzekuravira waini dzenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzewaini zvinogona kuita kuti rwendo rwekuravira waini ruve rwunofadza uye rwunofadza.

Kana muine mimwe mibvunzo nezvemachubhu ewaini kana zvimwe zvine chekuita newaini, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kubvunza chero nguva. Tinoda kukupai rumwe ruzivo nepfungwa, kungave kuri pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwemachubhu ewaini kana mafashoni emazuva ano ekurongedza asingakuvadzi nharaunda.