Nhanganyaya

Headspace mabhodhoro midziyo yemuenzaniso inowanzoshandiswa mugasi chromatography (GC) ongororo, inonyanya kushandiswa kuvharidzira magasi kana emvura masampuli kuti uwane yakagadzikana yekufambisa sampuli uye kuongororwa kuburikidza neyakavharwa system. Yavo yakanaka yekuisa chisimbiso zvimiro uye makemikari inertness akakosha kuti ave nechokwadi chechokwadi uye kuberekazve kwemhedzisiro yekuongorora.

Mukuedza kwemazuva ese, mabhodhoro emumusoro anowanzo shandiswa sezvinhu zvinoraswa. Kunyange izvi zvichibatsira kudzikisira kusvibiswa kwemuchinjiko, zvinowedzerawo zvakanyanya mutengo wekushanda murabhoritari, kunyanya mumashandisirwo ane mavhoriyamu makuru emuenzaniso uye frequency yekuyedza. Mukuwedzera, kushandiswa kwekushandisa kunoguma nehuwandu hwemarara egirazi, izvo zvinoisa kumanikidziro pakugadzikana kwerabhoritari.

Zvinhu uye Zvimiro Zvimiro zveHeadspace Vials

Headspace mabhodhoro anowanzo kugadzirwa nepamusoro-simba, high-temperature resistant borosilicate glass, iyo ine makemikari inert uye thermally inogadzikana zvakakwana kuti ikwanise kumira zvakasiyana-siyana zveorganic solvents, high-temperature feed condition uye high-pressure operating environments.Tichifunga, girazi reborosilicate rine kuchenesa kwakanaka uye kushandisazve kugona, asi hupenyu hwayo chaihwo hunogumira nezvinhu zvakaita sekupfeka kwechimiro uye kusvibiswa kwasara.

Iyo yekuisa chisimbiso chinhu chakakosha pakuita kweheadspace vials uye kazhinji ine aluminium cap kana spacer. Iyo aluminium cap inoumba yekuvhara gasi-kuvharika kumuromo webhodhoro negland kana shinda, nepo spacer ichipa mukana wekupinda tsono uye inodzivirira kubuda kwegasi. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti nepo girazi vial muviri uchichengeta chimiro chayo chekutanga mushure mekugezwa kwakawanda, spacer inowanzova chinhu chinoraswa uye inotarirwa kurasikirwa nekuiswa chisimbiso uye kurasikirwa kwezvinhu mushure mekuputika, zvichikanganisa kuvimbika kwekushandisazve. Naizvozvo, kana uchiedza kushandisazve, spacer inowanzoda kutsiviwa, nepo kushandiswazve kwegirazi mbiya uye aluminium caps inoda kuongororwa kuperera kwavo kwemuviri uye kugona kuchengetedza mhepo.

Uye zvakare, mhando dzakasiyana uye mhando dzemabhodhoro maererano nehukuru, co-kugadzirwa. Panogona kunge paine misiyano midiki mukuvakwa kwemuromo wevial, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kuenderana neautosampler vials, seal fit, uye yakasara mamiriro mushure mekuchenesa. Naizvozvo, kana uchigadzira chirongwa chekuchenesa nekushandisazve, kusimbiswa kwakamisikidzwa kunofanirwa kuitwa kune zvakatemwa zvevhavha dzinoshandiswa kuve nechokwadi chekuenderana uye kuvimbika kwedata.

Kuchenesa Feasibility Analysis

1. Nzira dzekuchenesa

Headspace mabhodhoro anocheneswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mapoka maviri makuru: kuchenesa nemaoko uye otomatiki zvakare kuchenesa. Manual kuchenesa kazhinji kwakakodzera diki batch process, inochinjika kushanda, kazhinji ine reagent bhodhoro bhurashi, inoyerera mvura yekusuka uye yakawanda-nhanho kemikari reagent kugadzirisa. Nekudaro, nekuti iyo nzira yekuchenesa inotsamira pakushanda kwemanyorero, pane njodzi yekuti kudzokorora uye kuchenesa mhedzisiro inogona kunge isina kugadzikana.

Kusiyana neizvi, otomatiki yekuchenesa michina inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchenesa uye kuenderana. Ultrasonic kucheneswa kunogadzira micro-bubbles kuburikidza ne-high-frequency oscillation, iyo inogona kunyatsobvisa trace residues inonamatira kune shielding, uye inonyanya kukodzera kubata zvakanyanya kunamatira kana kutsvaga organic residues.

Kusarudzwa kwemumiririri wekuchenesa kune zvakakosha pakugadzirisa maitiro. Anowanzo shandiswa kuchenesa maajenti anosanganisira ethanol, acetone, aqueous mabhodhoro ekugeza zvinwiwa, uye yakakosha detergents. Iyo yakawanda-nhanho yekuchenesa maitiro inowanzokurudzirwa: kunyungudutsa sukurudza (kubvisa organic masara)→aqueous sukurudza (kubvisa tsvina inonyungudika nemvura)→kusuka mvura yakachena.

Mushure mekuchenesa kwapera, kunyatsoomeswa kunofanirwa kuitwa kudzivirira hunyoro hwakasara hunokanganisa sampuli. Inowanzo shandiswa kuomeswa midziyo yerabhoritari yekuomesa oveni (60 ℃ -120 ℃), kune mamwe maapplication anodikanwa, inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuwedzera hutsanana uye bacteriostatic kugona kwe autoclaving.

2. Kuonekwa kwemasara mushure mekuchenesa

Kukwana kwekuchenesa kunoda kusimbiswa nekuyedzwa kwezvakasaririra. Zvinowanzo wanikwa zvinosvibisa zvinosanganisira zvakasara kubva kune yapfuura samples, diluents, additives uye zvakasara zve detergent zvikamu kubva pakuchenesa maitiro. Kutadza kubvisa izvi zvinosvibisa zvachose kuchava nemhedzisiro yakaipa pakuongorora kunotevera kwakadai se "ghost peaks" uye nekuwedzera ruzha rwekumashure.

Panyaya yenzira dzekuona, nzira yakananga ndeyekuitisa mhepo isina chinhu, kureva kuti, vial yakacheneswa inobayiwa semuenzaniso usina chinhu, uye kuvepo kwepamusoro-soro kusingazivikanwe kunoonekwa negasi chromatography (GC) kana gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Imwe nzira yakajairika ndeye yakazara organic kabhoni kuongororwa, iyo inoshandiswa kuyera huwandu hwezvinhu zvakasara zvakasara pane vial pamusoro kana mune yekugezesa mhinduro.

Pamusoro pezvo, "kufananidza kwemashure" kunogona kuitwa pachishandiswa nzira yekuongorora yakanangana nemuenzaniso: bhodhoro rakacheneswa rinoitwa pasi pemamiriro akafanana neawa-tsva, uye mwero wezviratidzo zvemashure unofananidzwa nekuvapo kwenhongonya dzenhema kuongorora kana kuchenesa kuri kwechiyero chinogamuchirika.

Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kushandiswazve

1. Mhedzisiro pamigumisiro yekuongorora

Iko kushandiswazve kweHeadspace vials kutanga kunoda kuongororwa kuti iite sei pamhedzisiro yekuongorora, kunyanya mukuwongorora kwehuwandu. Sezvo huwandu hwemashandisirwo hunowedzera, kuteedzera makomisheni kunogona kuramba kuri mukati memadziro evhavha, uye kunyangwe mushure mekuchenesa, kutsvagisa kusvibiswa kunogona kuramba kuburitswa pakupisa kwakanyanya, kuchikanganisa kuwanda kwenzvimbo dzakatarwa. Inonyanya kukoshesa kutsvaga kuongororwa uye inonyanya kukonzerwa nekusarura.

Kusimuka kweruzha rwekumashure idambudziko rinowanzoitika. Kucheneswa kusina kukwana kana kuparara kwezvinhu kunogona kutungamirira kune kusagadzikana kwegadziriro yenheyo, kupindira nekuzivikanwa kwepamusoro uye kubatanidzwa.

Mukuwedzera, kuedza kubereka uye kugadzikana kwenguva refu zviratidzo zvakakosha zvekuongorora kukwanisa kwekushandisa zvakare. Kana mabhodhoro asingaenderane muhutsanana, kuita chisimbiso, kana kuvimbika kwezvinhu, izvi zvinotungamira kune mutsauko mukushanda kwejekiseni uye kushanduka kwenzvimbo yepamusoro, zvichikanganisa kuyedza kuberekana. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti bvunzo dzekusimbisa batch dziitwe pamabhodhoro akashandiswazve mumashandisirwo anoshanda kuti ive nechokwadi chekufananidza uye kuenderana kwedata rakaongororwa.

2. Kukwegura kweVial uye spacers

Kupfeka kwemuviri uye kushatiswa kwezvinhu zve vial uye yekuisa chisimbiso system hazvidzivisike panguva yekudzokororwa kushandiswa. Mushure mekutenderera kwakawanda kwemabhasikoro ekupisa, kukanganiswa kwemagetsi uye kuchenesa, mabhodhoro egirazi anogona kugadzira madiki madiki kana zvikweshwa, izvo zvisingangove "nzvimbo dzakafa" kune zvinosvibisa, asi zvakare zvinoisa njodzi yekutsemuka panguva yekupisa kwakanyanya.

Spacers, sezvikamu zvepuncture, inoshatisa nekukurumidza. Huwandu hwemapuncture hwakawedzera hunogona kukonzera kuti spacer cavity iwedzere kana kuvharika zvisina kunaka, zvichitungamira mukurasikirwa kwesample volatilization, kurasikirwa kwemhepo, uye kunyange kusagadzikana kwechikafu. Kuchembera kwespacer kunogonawo kuburitsa zvimedu kana organic zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera kusvibisa sampuli.

Kuratidzwa kwemuviri kwekuchembera kunosanganisira kupatsanurwa kwebhodhoro, madhipoziti epasi, uye deformation yealuminium cap, izvo zvese zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwesample uye kuenderana kwechiridzwa. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwekuyedza uye kuvimbika kwedata, zvinokurudzirwa kuita izvo zvinodikanwa zvekutarisa uye yekuisa chisimbiso bvunzo usati washandiswa zvakare, uye kubvisa zvikamu zvine kusakara kwakakosha uye kubvaruka nenguva.

Zvinokurudzira uye Chengetedzo Yekushandisazve

Headspace vials inogona kushandiswa zvakare kune imwe nhanho mushure mekucheneswa kwakakwana uye kusimbiswa, asi izvi zvinofanirwa kutongwa zvichibva pachiedza cheiyo chaiyo application mamiriro, chimiro chemuenzaniso uye mamiriro emidziyo.

1. Inokurudzirwa nhamba yekushandisazve

Zvinoenderana nechiitiko chinoshanda chemamwe marabhoritari uye zvinyorwa, kune mamiriro ekushandisa apo maVOC enguva dzose kana masampula ekusvibiswa akabatwa, mabhodhoro egirazi anogona kushandiswazve kwe3-5 nguva, chero akacheneswa, akaomeswa uye kuongororwa mushure mekushandisa kwega kwega. Mushure meiyi nhamba yenguva, kuoma kwekuchenesa, njodzi yekuchembera uye mukana wekusavharwa kwevhavha kunowedzera zvakanyanya, uye zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvibviswe panguva yakakodzera. Makusheni anokurudzirwa kutsiviwa mushure mekushandisa kwega kwega uye haakurudzirwe kushandiswa zvakare.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mhando yemabhodhoro inosiyana pakati pemhando nemhando uye inofanirwa kusimbiswa pachigadzirwa-chaiwo. Kune mapurojekiti akakosha kana kuongororwa kwepamusoro-soro, mabhodhoro matsva anofanirwa kusarudzwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwedata.

2. Mamiriro ezvinhu apo kushandiswazve hakukurudzirwi

Kushandiswazve kwemabhodhoro emusoro hakukurudzirwe mune zvinotevera kesi:

• Zvisaririra zvemienzaniso zvinonetsa kubvisa zvachose, semuenzaniso, maekisesaizi akanyanya, adsorbed zviri nyore kana masampuli ane munyu;
• Sampuli ine muchetura wakanyanya kana kuvhiririka, semuenzaniso benzene, mahydrocarboni ane chlorinated, nezvimwewo. Masara akajeka anogona kuva nengozi kune anoshanda;
• Kuvhara kwekushisa kwepamusoro kana kumanikidzwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu mushure mekushandiswa kwevhavha, kuchinja kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa kunogona kukanganisa kuiswa chisimbiso kunotevera;
• Mabhodhoro anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakadzorwa zvakanyanya senge forensics, chikafu, nemishonga, uye inofanirwa kutevedzera yakakodzera mirau uye marabhoritari accreditation zvinodiwa;
• Mabhodhoro ane makatsemuka anooneka, deformation, discoloration, kana mavara akaoma kubvisa anokonzeresa njodzi.

3. Kugadzwa kwemaitiro akajairika ekushanda

Kuti uwane kushandisa zvakare kwakachengeteka uye kwakachengeteka, maitiro akafanana ekushandisa anofanirwa kugadzirwa, kusanganisira asi kwete kugumira kune anotevera mapoinzi:

• Categorical labeling uye manhamba manejimendi: Ziva mabhodhoro akashandiswa uye nyora nhamba yenguva uye marudzi emasampuli akashandiswa;
• Kugadzwa kwekuchenesa rekodhi pepa: simbisa kutenderera kwega kwega kwekuchenesa maitiro, rekodha mhando yekuchenesa mumiriri, nguva yekuchenesa, uye michina paramita;
• Kuisa magumo-e-hupenyu zviyero uye kuongorora kutenderera: inokurudzirwa kuita chitarisiko chekuongorora uye yekuisa chisimbiso bvunzo mushure mekutenderera kwega kwese kwekushandisa;
• Kugadzira nzira yekuparadzanisa nzvimbo dzekuchenesa nekuchengetedza: kudzivirira kusvibiswa uye kuona kuti mabhodhoro akachena anoramba akachena asati ashandiswa;
• Kuita bvunzo dzekusimbisa nguva nenguva: eg blank run kuratidza kusavapo kwekukanganisa kwemashure uye kuona kuti kushandiswa kudzokororwa hakukanganisi mhedzisiro yekuongorora.

Kuburikidza nekutonga kwesainzi uye nemaitiro akamisikidzwa, marabhoritari inogona kuderedza zvine mutsindo mutengo wezvinodyiwa pasi pechikonzero chekuvimbisa kunaka kwekuongorora, uye kuwana girinhi uye inoenderera mberi yekuedza mashandiro.

Kuongorora kweEconomic and Environmental Benefits

Kudzora mutengo uye kuenderera kwave kutariswa kwakakosha mukushanda kwemazuva ano marabhoritari. Kuchenesa nekushandisazve mabhodhoro emusoro hakungokonzeresa kucheneswa kwemitengo, asi zvakare kuderedza tsvina yemurabhoritari, inova yakakosha pakuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuvaka marabhoritari yakasvibira.

1. Kuverengera kwemari yekuchengetedza: kuraswa vs. Reusable

Kana mabhodhoro epamusoro anoraswa aishandiswa pakuedza kwese, kuyedza zana kwaizokonzera kurasikirwa kwemitengo. Kana chivharo chegirazi chega chega chaigona kushandiswazve zvakachengetedzeka kakawanda, kuedza kumwe chete kunongoda avhareji kana kutodarika mutengo wepakutanga.

Iyo yekuchenesa maitiro inosanganisira zvekushandisa, detergent uye mutengo wevashandi. Nekudaro, kumarabhoritari ane otomatiki ekuchenesa masisitimu, mari yekuchenesa mupendero yakadzikira, kunyanya mukuongororwa kwemavhoriyamu makuru emasampuli, uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi ekushandisa zvakare akanyanya kukosha.

2. Kubudirira kwekudzikisa tsvina murabhoritari

Mabhodhoro ekushandisa kamwe chete anogona kukurumidza kuunganidza marara akawanda egirazi. Nekushandisazve mabhodhoro, kugadzirwa kwemarara kunogona kudzikiswa zvakanyanya uye mutoro wekurasa marara ukadzikiswa, paine mabhenefiti anokurumidza kunyanya mumarabhoritari ane mari yakawanda yekurasa marara kana kunyatsorongedza zvinodiwa.

Pamusoro pezvo, kudzikisira huwandu hwemaspacers uye maaruminiyamu caps anoshandiswa kuchawedzera kudzikisira huwandu hwerubha-based uye simbi-based tsvina inobuda.

3. Mupiro wekusimudzira budiriro yemarabhoritari

Kushandisazve zvekushandisa mulabhu chinhu chakakosha che "green shanduko" yerabhu. Nekuwedzera hupenyu hwezvinhu zvinodyiwa pasina kukanganisa dhata remhando, isu hatingogadzirisi mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa, asi zvakare tinosangana nezvinodiwa nehurongwa hwekutarisira zvakatipoteredza hwakadai se ISO 14001. Iyo inosanganawo nezvinodiwa zvehurongwa hwekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza senge ISO 14001, uye ine mhedzisiro yakanaka pakushandiswa kwegreen laboratory certification, simba rekuchengetedza simba rekuongorora uye mishumo yemayunivhesiti.

Panguva imwecheteyo, kumisikidzwa kwekumisikidzwa kwemaitiro ekushandisazve uye kuchenesa zvakare kunosimudzira kuvandudzwa kwehutungamiriri hwerabhoritari uye kunobatsira kukudziridza tsika yekuyedza iyo inopa kukosha kwakaenzana kune pfungwa yekuenderera uye tsika dzesainzi.

Mhedziso uye Outlook

Muchidimbu, kucheneswa uye kushandiswazve kwemabhodhoro emusoro kunogoneka. Yemhando yepamusoro borosilicate girazi zvinhu zvine yakanaka makemikari inertness uye yakakwirira tembiricha kuramba inogona kushandiswa kakawanda pasina kukanganisa zvakanyanya mhedzisiro yekuongorora pasi pemaitiro ekuchenesa akakodzera uye mamiriro ekushandisa. Kuburikidza nesarudzo ine musoro yekuchenesa maajenti, kushandiswa kweotomatiki yekuchenesa michina, uye musanganiswa wekuomeswa uye sterilization kurapwa, marabhoritari inogona kuwana yakamisikidzwa kushandiswazve kwevharosi, kunyatso kudzora mutengo uye kuderedza marara.

Mukushanda kunoshanda, chimiro chemuenzaniso, zvinodikanwa zvekunzwa kweiyo nzira yekuongorora, uye kuchembera kwemabhodhoro nema spacers zvinofanirwa kuongororwa zvizere. Zvinokurudzirwa kumisa hurongwa hwese hwakazara hwekushandisa, kusanganisira rekodhi rekushandisa, muganhu pahuwandu hwekudzokorora, uye nguva nenguva yekurasa nzira yekuona kuti kushandiswa zvakare hakuisi njodzi kumhando yedata uye kuchengetedzwa kwekuyedza.

Tichitarisa mberi, nekusimudzira pfungwa yegreen laboratory uye kuomeswa kwemitemo yezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswazve kwezvivharo zvishoma nezvishoma kuchava gwara rakakosha rekutarisira zviwanikwa zverabhoritari, tsvakiridzo yeramangwana inogona kutarisa pakuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuchenesa tekinoroji yekuchenesa tekinoroji, kuongorora iyo mitsva inogona kushandiswazve, nezvimwewo, kuburikidza nekuongorora kwesainzi uye kuisirwa kwehutungamiriri kuburikidza nekutonga kwenzvimbo yesainzi uye kuongororwa kwenzvimbo, kutarisisa kwenzvimbo yesainzi kusingadzoreki, kutariswa kwenzvimbo yesainzi kusingadzoreki. kushandiswazve kwemabhodhoro emusoro hakungobatsiri kudzikisira mutengo wekuyedza, asi kunopawo nzira inogoneka yekusimudzira kwakasimba kwemarabhoritari.